P-3+Magma

__** Magma **__ Magma is hot molten rock. Magma may also contain suspended crystals and gas bubbles. Magma's temperature ranges 700 °C to 1300 °C. Melting of solid rock to form magma is controlled by three physical parameters: its temperature, pressure, and composition. Mechanisms are discussed in the entry for igneous rock. Hawaii's islands are made from hardened magma. There are two known processes by which magma ceases to exist, by volcanic eruption or by crystallization within the crust or mantle to form a pluton. In both cases the bulk of the magma eventually cools and forms igneous rocks. (Magma flow in Hawaii was created by a volcanic eruption) Earth's Mantle is solid, it can have pockets of molten rock trapped between the mantle and the crust. This liquid rock is less dense than the surrounding mantle, and so it makes its way up through the Earth's crust through cracks and weaknesses. Eventually it reaches the surface, and erupts from a volcano. Magma is the molten material beneath the Earth's crust. Lava is magma that has reached the surface.

Magma is molten rock material under the earth's crust, from which igneous rock is formed by cooling.



By: Tayler, Kelsy, Kathryn, Gabi